まして

まして
adverb, conjunction
let alone; much less; still more
formalliterarywrittendescriptivegrammatical
1. let alone; much less; to say nothing of
Used to indicate that if something is difficult or true for one situation, it is even more so for a more extreme situation. Often used with negative statements.
Let alone children — it's impossible.
It's difficult even for adults, let alone children.
I can't read Japanese, much less write it.
(わたし)さえ()からない、ましてや初心者(しょしんしゃ)(むずか)しすぎる。
Even I don't understand it, so it's much too difficult for beginners.
It's already tough domestically, and overseas the problems become even more numerous.
2. still more; even more so
Used to emphasize that something applies even more strongly to what follows.
まして(いま)なおさらだ。
And even more so now.
親友(しんゆう)すら裏切(うらぎ)ことある。まして他人(たにん)ならなおさらだ。
Even close friends can betray you. Still more so with strangers.
It's crowded even on nice days. All the more so during holiday periods, it's terribly packed.
I'm busy even normally, and even more so at year's end — I don't have time to rest.
Even experienced people struggle with it, so it would take even longer for someone with no experience.

Forms

  • ましてや - emphatic form (let alone, much less)

ましてや is more emphatic and commonly used in modern speech.

Common patterns

Typically appears in structure:
[A でも/すら X]、まして[B では/なら なおさら Y]
(Even A can't do X, let alone B can't do Y)

Common collocations

  • まして〜なんて - let alone doing ~
  • まして〜など - let alone ~ (and so on)
  • まして〜ならなおさら - still more so if ~

Usage

  • Often follows statements with でも, すら, さえ (even)
  • Usually connects to negative or emphatic statements
  • Written in hiragana; not typically written in kanji

Similar words

  • いわんや - much less, not to mention (literary)
  • なおさら - all the more
  • もちろん - of course, needless to say

Register

Neutral to slightly formal. Common in both spoken and written Japanese.