(とな)える

となえる
verb-ichidan
to chant; to recite; to advocate
1. to chant; to recite
To say or recite something aloud in a rhythmic or ritualistic manner, such as prayers, sutras, or spells.
(きょう)(とな)える。
To chant a sutra.
呪文(じゅもん)(とな)えると、(とびら)(ひら)いた。
When I recited the spell, the door opened.
2. to advocate; to propose; to put forward
To publicly state or promote a theory, idea, or opinion.
その学者(がくしゃ)(あたら)しい理論(りろん)(とな)えた。
The scholar put forward a new theory.
環境(かんきょう)保護(ほご)(とな)える団体(だんたい)世界中(せかいじゅう)活動(かつどう)している。
Organizations advocating environmental protection are active around the world.

(とな)える has two main meanings: to chant/recite (religious or magical texts) and to advocate/propose (ideas or theories).

TRANSITIVITY:

  • Type: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive)
  • Pattern: Xを(とな)える

ASPECT (ている):

  • (とな)えている means "is chanting" (ongoing action, sense 1) or "advocates / has been advocating" (ongoing state, sense 2)

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • (きょう)(とな)える: to chant a sutra
  • 呪文(じゅもん)(とな)える: to recite a spell
  • 理論(りろん)(とな)える: to propose a theory
  • 平和(へいわ)(とな)える: to advocate for peace