めでたい

めでたい
i-adjective
auspicious, joyous, happy
1. auspicious, joyous, worthy of celebration
Describes an event, occasion, or outcome that is fortunate and calls for celebration.
めでたい()だ。
It's an auspicious day.
合格(ごうかく)おめでとう、めでたいね。
Congratulations on passing — what wonderful news!
新年(しんねん)(むか)えるにあたって、めでたい(せき)(もう)けられた。
A celebratory gathering was arranged to welcome the new year.
2. naive, simple-minded, overly optimistic
Used ironically to describe someone who is blissfully unaware or foolishly optimistic.
あいつはめでたいやつだ。
That guy is hopelessly naive.
そんなにめでたい(かんが)えでは失敗(しっぱい)するよ。
With such naive thinking, you'll fail.
自分(じぶん)だけは大丈夫(だいじょうぶ)だと(おも)っているなんて、めでたい(あたま)だ。
Thinking you alone will be fine — what a blissfully naive mind.

CONJUGATION:

  • Negative: めでたくない
  • Past: めでたかった
  • Te-form: めでたくて
  • Adverbial: めでたく

USAGE:
Sense 1 is the primary meaning, used for weddings, births, New Year, and other celebrations. The polite prefix お- is attached in the greeting おめでとう (congratulations).

Sense 2 is ironic and mildly derogatory. The phrase めでたいやつ or めでたい(あたま) means someone who is foolishly carefree or oblivious.

CULTURAL NOTE:
めでたい is strongly associated with Japanese celebratory culture. The word is connected to (たい) (sea bream) through the pun めで(たい), making sea bream a staple at celebrations.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • めでたい(せき): celebratory occasion
  • めでたい(): auspicious day
  • めでたく()わる: end happily