1.
compensation, price, cost (figurative)
The negative consequences or sacrifices that come as a result of doing or achieving something. Often used to describe the price one pays for success, freedom, or other gains.
成功の代償は大きかった。
The price of success was great.
無理をした代償で体を壊した。
As a consequence of overworking, I ruined my health.
自由を手に入れるために大きな代償を払った。
I paid a heavy price to gain freedom.
2.
compensation, reparation (legal/formal)
Payment or restitution given in exchange for loss or damage, especially in legal or formal contexts.
損害に対する代償を請求する。
To claim compensation for damages.
土地の代償として金銭を受け取った。
I received money as compensation for the land.
裁判所は被害者への代償の支払いを命じた。
The court ordered payment of compensation to the victim.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 代償を払う (to pay the price)
- 大きな代償 (a heavy price)
- ~の代償として (as compensation for ~)
- 代償を求める (to demand compensation)
The figurative sense (sense 1) is more common in everyday language. The word emphasizes that gaining something always comes at a cost.