1.
compensation, price, cost (figurative)
The negative consequences or sacrifices that come as a result of doing or achieving something. Often used to describe the price one pays for success, freedom, or other gains.
成功の代償は大きかった。
The price of success was great.
無理をした代償で体を壊した。
As a consequence of overworking, I ruined my health.
自由を手に入れるために大きな代償を払った。
I paid a heavy price to gain freedom.
2.
compensation, reparation (legal/formal)
Payment or restitution given in exchange for loss or damage, especially in legal or formal contexts.
損害に対する代償を請求する。
To claim compensation for damages.
土地の代償として金銭を受け取った。
I received money as compensation for the land.
裁判所は被害者への代償の支払いを命じた。
The court ordered payment of compensation to the victim.
代償 emphasizes the idea that gains come at a cost. The figurative sense (price one pays) is more common than the legal sense.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 代償を払う: to pay the price
- 大きな代償: a heavy price
- ~の代償として: as compensation for ~
- 代償を求める: to demand compensation
- 代償を伴う: to come at a cost
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 犠牲: sacrifice (stronger, implies giving up something vital)
- 対価: price, consideration (more neutral, business-oriented)
- 報い: reward or retribution (can be positive or negative)
- 賠償: damages, reparation (strictly legal/financial)
USAGE:
Often used dramatically: 成功の代償 (the price of success), 自由の代償 (the price of freedom).