孕む
はらむ
verb (godan)
to conceive; to be fraught with
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 孕む | 孕まない |
| Present polite | 孕みます | 孕みません |
| Past | 孕んだ | 孕まなかった |
| Past polite | 孕みました | 孕みませんでした |
| て form | 孕んで | 孕まなくて |
| ている present | 孕んでいる | 孕んでいない |
| ている polite | 孕んでいます | 孕んでいません |
| ている past | 孕んでいた | 孕んでいなかった |
| ている past polite | 孕んでいました | 孕んでいませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 孕めば | 孕まなければ |
| Conditional たら | 孕んだら | 孕まなかったら |
| Volitional | 孕もう | — |
| Volitional polite | 孕みましょう | — |
| Potential | 孕める | 孕めない |
| Passive | 孕まれる | 孕まれない |
| Causative | 孕ませる | 孕ませない |
| Imperative | 孕め | 孕むな |
1.
to conceive, to become pregnant
To become pregnant with a child. Can also be used for animals.
2.
to be fraught with, to contain, to harbor
To contain something within, especially something potentially dangerous or significant. Used figuratively for situations, plans, or ideas that carry risk or potential.
孕む is a godan verb (五段動詞) with two main uses: a literal sense of becoming pregnant and a figurative sense of containing something latent.
Transitivity
ASPECT (ている):
孕んでいる indicates a resulting state: being pregnant (sense 1) or currently containing/harboring (sense 2).
Common collocations
- 子を孕む (to conceive a child)
- 危険を孕む (to be fraught with danger)
- 問題を孕む (to harbor problems)
- 矛盾を孕む (to contain contradictions)
Usage
Sense 1 is somewhat literary. In everyday conversation, 妊娠する is more common for human pregnancy. Sense 2 is used primarily in written or formal contexts.