悟る
さとる
verb (godan)
to realize, to perceive, to attain enlightenment
他動詞 transitivecognition
See also:
悟り (noun form)
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 悟る | 悟らない |
| Present polite | 悟ります | 悟りません |
| Past | 悟った | 悟らなかった |
| Past polite | 悟りました | 悟りませんでした |
| て form | 悟って | 悟らなくて |
| ている present | 悟っている | 悟っていない |
| ている polite | 悟っています | 悟っていません |
| ている past | 悟っていた | 悟っていなかった |
| ている past polite | 悟っていました | 悟っていませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 悟れば | 悟らなければ |
| Conditional たら | 悟ったら | 悟らなかったら |
| Volitional | 悟ろう | — |
| Volitional polite | 悟りましょう | — |
| Potential | 悟れる | 悟れない |
| Passive | 悟られる | 悟られない |
| Causative | 悟らせる | 悟らせない |
| Imperative | 悟れ | 悟るな |
1.
to realize, to perceive, to become aware of
To come to understand something through insight rather than being told directly. Often implies perceiving a truth, hidden intention, or the nature of a situation.
2.
to attain enlightenment, to reach spiritual awakening
In Buddhist contexts, to achieve enlightenment or spiritual understanding. This is the original and most elevated meaning of the word.
Usage
In everyday use (sense 1), 悟る implies a deeper or more intuitive perception than 気づく (to notice). It suggests understanding the essence or truth of something, not just noticing a surface detail.
Related words
悟り (enlightenment; realization) is the nominal form and a well-known Buddhist concept. 悟りを開く and 悟りを得る both mean "to attain enlightenment."
Common patterns
Godan verb ending in る. Transitive in sense 1 (takes を): Xを悟る. In sense 2, often used with the noun form 悟り.