(やよい)

やよい
noun
March (traditional calendar); Yayoi period
1. March (traditional Japanese calendar name)
The traditional Japanese name for the third month of the year. Part of the old Japanese calendar month naming system (和風月名) that is still used in formal, literary, and cultural contexts.
弥生(やよい)(そら)(あか)るい。
The March sky is bright.
弥生(やよい)(はい)り、(はる)気配(けはい)(かん)じられる。
Now that March has arrived, one can sense the signs of spring.
手紙(てがみ)冒頭(ぼうとう)に「弥生(やよい)(こう)」と()いた。
I wrote 'in this season of March' at the beginning of the letter.
2. Yayoi period (c. 300 BCE–300 CE)
A major period in Japanese prehistory characterized by the introduction of wet-rice agriculture, metalworking, and new pottery styles from the Asian continent.
弥生(やよい)時代(じだい)稲作(いなさく)(はじ)まった。
Rice cultivation began in the Yayoi period.
弥生(やよい)土器(どき)縄文(じょうもん)土器(どき)より(うす)くて(かた)い。
Yayoi pottery is thinner and harder than Jomon pottery.
この遺跡(いせき)からは弥生(やよい)時代(じだい)青銅器(せいどうき)出土(しゅつど)した。
Bronze artifacts from the Yayoi period were excavated from this archaeological site.

The word 弥生(やよい) has deep cultural significance in Japan. As a month name, it evokes the image of plants beginning to grow abundantly as spring arrives. Also commonly used as a female given name.

ETYMOLOGY:
From いやおい (increasingly growing), referring to vegetation flourishing in spring. Over time shortened to やよい.

TRADITIONAL MONTH NAMES:

  • 睦月(むつき): January
  • 如月(きさらぎ): February
  • 弥生(やよい): March
  • 卯月(うづき): April

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 弥生(やよい)時代(じだい): the Yayoi period
  • 弥生(やよい)土器(どき): Yayoi pottery
  • 弥生(やよい)文化(ぶんか): Yayoi culture
  • 弥生(やよい)(こう): seasonal greeting for March (in formal letters)

CULTURAL NOTE:
The Yayoi period is named after the 弥生(やよい)(ちょう) district in Tokyo where characteristic pottery was first discovered in 1884.