ごとく

ごとく
adverb
like; as if; as though
formalgrammatical
1. like; as if; as though
A literary or formal expression meaning 'like' or 'as if,' used to draw comparisons. The full form is のごとく or がごとく.
To run like the wind.
A passion that burns like fire.
光陰矢(こういんや)ごとし。
Time flies like an arrow.
Famous proverb. ごとし is the sentence-ending form of ごとく.
Like a fish in water, he thrived at his new workplace.

A classical Japanese comparison particle meaning "like" or "as." In modern Japanese, it appears in set phrases, proverbs, and formal/literary writing. The everyday equivalent is のように or みたい.

Forms

  • ごとく: adverbial form (modifies verbs)
  • ごとき: attributive form (modifies nouns: (あらし)ごとき(いきお) — force like a storm)
  • ごとし: sentence-ending form (()ごとし — like an arrow)

Common patterns

  • Noun + ごとく: like [noun]
  • Verb dictionary form + ごとく: as if [verb]

Common expressions

  • 光陰矢(こういんや)ごとし: time flies like an arrow
  • (みず)()(うお)ごとく: like a fish in water
  • 怒涛(どとう)ごとく: like raging waves

Similar words