受動態(じゅどうたい)

じゅどうたい
noun
passive voice (grammar)
formallanguage
1. passive voice (grammar)
A grammatical construction in which the subject of the sentence is the receiver of the action rather than the doer. In Japanese grammar, this is formed using the auxiliary verb -(ら)れる.
この文(ぶん)は受動態(じゅどうたい)だ。
This sentence is in the passive voice.
日本語(にほんご)の受動態(じゅどうたい)は英語(えいご)より使(つか)い方(かた)が複雑(ふくざつ)だ。
The passive voice in Japanese is more complex in usage than in English.
能動態(のうどうたい)の文(ぶん)を受動態(じゅどうたい)に書(か)き換(か)えなさい。
Rewrite the active voice sentence in the passive voice.

A grammar term composed of 受動(じゅどう) (passive) + 態(たい) (voice/mood). Essential vocabulary for language study. Japanese has two types of passive: direct passive (直接受身(ちょくせつうけみ)) where the subject is the direct object of the active sentence, and indirect passive (間接受身(かんせつうけみ), also called "suffering passive") where the subject is adversely affected by an action.

Related grammar terms

  • 能動態(のうどうたい): active voice
  • 使役態(しえきたい): causative voice
  • 使役受動態(しえきじゅどうたい): causative-passive voice
  • 受(う)け身(み): passive (native Japanese term, also common)

Usage

In linguistic and educational contexts, 受動態(じゅどうたい) is the Sino-Japanese term, while 受(う)け身(み) is the native Japanese equivalent. Both are widely used, but 受(う)け身(み) is more common in everyday Japanese language instruction.

general
Added 2026.4.4 1:10 · Revised 2026.9.2 13:02
21500/21765_judoutai