どちら(さま)

どちらさま
pronoun
who (very polite); may I ask who you are
formalhonorificbusinesscommunication
1. who (very polite)
A very polite way to ask someone's identity, typically used by receptionists, on the phone, or when answering the door.
どちら(さま)です
May I ask who you are?
失礼(しつれい)です、どちら(さま)でしょう
Excuse me, but may I ask who this is?
May I ask who referred you?

The most polite way to ask "who?" in Japanese. Combines どちら (which direction/who, polite) with (さま) (honorific suffix). Standard phrasing when answering the door, receiving phone calls, or greeting visitors at a reception desk.

POLITENESS LEVELS FOR "WHO":

  • (だれ): who (plain, casual)
  • どなた: who (polite)
  • どちら(さま): who (very polite, formal)

Common patterns

  • どちら(さま)です: Who are you? (polite)
  • どちら(さま)でしょう: Who might you be? (more polite)
  • どちら(さま)いらっしゃいます: Who are you? (most polite)

Usage

Used in service and hospitality contexts. Receptionists, hotel staff, and phone operators use this form. In everyday casual conversation, (だれ) or どなた is used instead.

Similar words

  • どなた: who (polite) — one step less formal than どちら(さま)
  • (だれ): who — plain form, used in casual speech
  • どちら: which direction; where; who (polite) — without (さま), can mean "which" or "where"