(とく)

とく
noun
virtue; moral excellence; merit
1. virtue; moral excellence; good character
Moral goodness and integrity of character. A central concept in Confucian and Buddhist ethics, referring to the inner quality of a morally admirable person.
(とく)のある(ひと)だ。
He is a person of virtue.
(とく)()むことが大切(たいせつ)だ。
It's important to accumulate virtue.
(かれ)人望(じんぼう)(あつ)く、(とく)(たか)指導者(しどうしゃ)だと(ひょう)されている。
He is regarded as a highly virtuous leader who commands great respect.
2. grace; favor; benefit received
Kindness, benevolence, or benefit bestowed by someone, especially someone in a position of authority or spiritual power.
(おん)とご(とく)感謝(かんしゃ)します。
I am grateful for your kindness and grace.
(ほとけ)(とく)をたたえる。
To praise the virtue of the Buddha.
先人(せんじん)(とく)のおかげで、今日(こんにち)繁栄(はんえい)がある。
Today's prosperity exists thanks to the virtue of our predecessors.

A fundamental concept in East Asian philosophy and ethics, deeply rooted in Confucian thought. Appears in many personal names, place names, and historical terms.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • (とく)()む: to accumulate virtue (through good deeds)
  • (とく)(たか)い: of high virtue; morally excellent
  • (とく)のある(ひと): a virtuous person
  • 人徳(じんとく): personal virtue; charisma based on character
  • 道徳(どうとく): morality, ethics
  • 美徳(びとく): a virtue; a good quality

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • (とく): profit, advantage — a homophone but unrelated; means 'gain' or 'benefit' in a practical sense
  • (じん): benevolence — a specific Confucian virtue focusing on compassion toward others
  • (ぜん): good, goodness — more abstract; the general concept of good vs. evil

CULTURAL NOTE:
(とく)()む (accumulating virtue) is a widely used expression in Japanese culture, reflecting the Buddhist and Confucian idea that good deeds build up spiritual merit. The concept appears in the name of the historical Tokugawa (徳川(とくがわ)) clan.