ぬぐい()

ぬぐいさる
verb
to wipe away; to dispel (doubts, fears, an impression); to remove completely
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Presentぬぐい()ぬぐい()らない
Present politeぬぐい()りますぬぐい()りません
Pastぬぐい()ったぬぐい()らなかった
Past politeぬぐい()りましたぬぐい()りませんでした
て formぬぐい()ってぬぐい()らなくて
ている presentぬぐい()っているぬぐい()っていない
ている politeぬぐい()っていますぬぐい()っていません
ている pastぬぐい()っていたぬぐい()っていなかった
ている past politeぬぐい()っていましたぬぐい()っていませんでした
Conditional ばぬぐい()ればぬぐい()らなければ
Conditional たらぬぐい()ったらぬぐい()らなかったら
Volitionalぬぐい()ろう
Volitional politeぬぐい()りましょう
Potentialぬぐい()れるぬぐい()れない
Passiveぬぐい()られるぬぐい()られない
Causativeぬぐい()らせるぬぐい()らせない
Imperativeぬぐい()ぬぐい()るな
1. to wipe (something) away completely; to remove a stain, smudge, mark, or moisture from a surface so that no trace remains
The literal physical sense: to use a cloth, hand, or similar action to wipe something off a surface so thoroughly that nothing is left behind. The added ()る ('to leave, to be gone') intensifies the basic verb ぬぐう ('to wipe') and emphasises that the wiped substance is completely gone. Less common in modern speech than the figurative sense (sense 2).
(なみだ)をぬぐい()った。
She wiped the tears away.
(あせ)をハンカチでぬぐい()った。
He wiped the sweat away with a handkerchief.
テーブルの(うえ)(よご)れを布巾(ふきん)でぬぐい()った。
I wiped the dirt off the table with a kitchen cloth, leaving no trace.
2. to dispel; to wipe away (an impression, doubt, fear, suspicion, or sad memory); to make a feeling or perception disappear
The figurative and far more common sense. With abstract objects such as 不安(ふあん) ('anxiety'), (うたが)い ('doubt'), 印象(いんしょう) ('impression'), 汚名(おめい) ('disgrace'), or (かな)しみ ('sadness'), ぬぐい()る means to remove the feeling or perception completely so that nothing of it remains. It is a literary, slightly formal verb common in journalism, essays, and speeches.
不安(ふあん)をぬぐい()ることはできなかった。
I couldn't dispel my anxiety.
(かれ)言葉(ことば)(わたし)(うたが)いをすっかりぬぐい()った。
His words completely dispelled my doubts.
過去(かこ)失敗(しっぱい)記憶(きおく)は、時間(じかん)()っても簡単(かんたん)にはぬぐい()れない。
Memories of past failures cannot easily be wiped away even with the passage of time.

A compound verb formed from ぬぐう ('to wipe') + ()る ('to leave, to go away'). The ()る element acts as an intensifier and adds the nuance 'completely, leaving nothing behind'. The same pattern appears in other compound verbs such as ()()る ('to erase completely') and (わす)()る ('to forget completely').

TRANSITIVITY:
Transitive (godan-ru verb). The thing wiped away is marked with を: AがBをぬぐい()る ('A wipes B away').

USAGE:
The figurative sense (dispelling an emotion, doubt, or impression) is far more common in writing and formal speech than the literal sense. In everyday spoken Japanese, simple ぬぐう or ()く is preferred for actually wiping a surface.

The verb is particularly common in negative contexts: 〜をぬぐい()ることができない ('cannot be dispelled'), 〜は完全(かんぜん)にはぬぐい()れない ('cannot be completely dispelled'). This use highlights an emotion or impression that lingers despite efforts to remove it.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • (なみだ)をぬぐい()る: to wipe away one's tears
  • (あせ)をぬぐい()る: to wipe away sweat
  • 不安(ふあん)をぬぐい()る: to dispel anxiety
  • (うたが)いをぬぐい()る: to dispel doubts
  • 印象(いんしょう)をぬぐい()る: to remove an impression (e.g. a bad first impression)
  • 汚名(おめい)をぬぐい()る: to clear one's name; to remove a stain on one's reputation
  • 過去(かこ)をぬぐい()る: to erase the past
  • (かな)しみをぬぐい()る: to dispel sadness
  • 不信感(ふしんかん)をぬぐい()る: to dispel feelings of distrust

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • ぬぐう: to wipe — the simple base verb; refers just to the physical action of wiping, without the 'completely gone' nuance.
  • ()く: to wipe — the most common everyday verb for wiping; written ふく.
  • ()()る: to erase, to wipe out completely — close in nuance, but emphasizes erasing rather than wiping; often used for memories, evidence, or the past.
  • (はら)()る: to brush away, to dispel — used for lighter, brushing motions and similarly figurative for clearing away worry or fear.
  • ()(のぞ)く: to remove, to take away — neutral; the most general word for removing something.

REGISTER:
Formal to slightly literary. Common in news commentary, essays, novels, and political speech. In casual conversation, simpler verbs (()く, ぬぐう, ()える) are preferred.