(なつふく)

なつふく
noun
summer clothes; summer uniform
1. clothing made of light, breathable material designed to be worn in summer; the lighter version of a school or workplace uniform worn during the warm months
Refers to clothes intended to be worn in hot weather — usually thin, light-coloured, and short-sleeved. In a Japanese context, the word most often appears in two settings: (1) ordinary summer wardrobes that are taken out and put away with the seasons, and (2) the formal seasonal change of school and workplace uniforms. Japanese schools and many companies have a regulated date in May or June when employees and students switch to 夏服(なつふく), and another date in autumn when they switch back to 冬服(ふゆふく). This seasonal switch is called 衣替(ころもが)え.
六月(ろくがつ)から夏服(なつふく)になる。
Starting in June, we switch to summer uniforms.
今年(ことし)夏服(なつふく)()いに()った。
I went to buy this year's summer clothes.
衣替(ころもが)えで、クローゼットの冬服(ふゆふく)夏服(なつふく)()()えた。
For the seasonal clothing change, I swapped the winter clothes in my closet for summer ones.
(あつ)くなってきたので、学校(がっこう)では今週(こんしゅう)から半袖(はんそで)夏服(なつふく)()てもよいことになった。
Since it has gotten hot, students at the school are allowed to wear short-sleeved summer uniforms starting this week.

Composed of (なつ) ('summer') + (ふく) ('clothes'). The compound is fully transparent and follows the standard seasonal-clothing pattern: 春服(はるふく) ('spring clothes'), 秋服(あきふく) ('autumn clothes'), 冬服(ふゆふく) ('winter clothes').

USAGE:
夏服(なつふく) can refer to ordinary summer clothing or to the lighter version of a uniform. In a school or workplace context, it almost always refers to the institution's official summer uniform — typically a short-sleeved white shirt or blouse instead of the long-sleeved winter version. The Japanese term for this seasonal switch of uniforms is 衣替(ころもが)え, traditionally done on June 1 and October 1.

In an everyday wardrobe context, 夏服(なつふく) refers to lightweight, short-sleeved clothing such as T-shirts, blouses, light skirts, and shorts that are stored separately from heavier winter clothing.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 夏服(なつふく)()る: to wear summer clothes
  • 夏服(なつふく)着替(きが)える: to change into summer clothes
  • 夏服(なつふく)()う: to buy summer clothes
  • 夏服(なつふく)()す: to take out one's summer clothes (from storage)
  • 夏服(なつふく)片付(かたづ)ける: to put summer clothes away
  • 夏服(なつふく)()()える: to switch to summer clothes (especially of uniforms)
  • 学校(がっこう)夏服(なつふく): school summer uniform
  • 制服(せいふく)夏服(なつふく): summer version of a uniform

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • 冬服(ふゆふく): winter clothes; winter uniform — the cold-season counterpart.
  • 春服(はるふく): spring clothes — for the cool to mild months.
  • 秋服(あきふく): autumn clothes — for the cooling months.
  • 合服(あいふく): between-season clothes — clothing for the transitional spring and autumn periods.
  • 半袖(はんそで): short sleeves; short-sleeved garment — refers to the sleeve length characteristic of summer clothes.
  • 薄着(うすぎ): light clothing — describes wearing thin or few layers, regardless of season.

CULTURAL NOTE:
The formal seasonal switch known as 衣替(ころもが)え is a long-standing Japanese custom dating back to the Heian period. Modern schools and many companies still observe it on June 1 (switching to 夏服(なつふく)) and October 1 (switching to 冬服(ふゆふく)). For students, this twice-yearly event is a familiar marker of the changing seasons.