カール

かーる
noun, suru verb
curl (in the hair); curl (of an object); to curl
他動詞 transitivespokenwrittenappearancebody-part
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Presentカールするカールしない
Present politeカールしますカールしません
Pastカールしたカールしなかった
Past politeカールしましたカールしませんでした
て formカールしてカールしなくて
ている presentカールしているカールしていない
ている politeカールしていますカールしていません
ている pastカールしていたカールしていなかった
ている past politeカールしていましたカールしていませんでした
Conditional ばカールすればカールしなければ
Conditional たらカールしたらカールしなかったら
Volitionalカールしよう
Volitional politeカールしましょう
Potentialカールできるカールできない
Passiveカールされるカールされない
Causativeカールさせるカールさせない
Imperativeカールしろカールするな
1. a curl, especially in the hair; a section of hair shaped into a wave or ring; a curling treatment that gives the hair such waves
Borrowed from English 'curl'. The most common everyday use is in beauty contexts: hair curls created by a curling iron, perm, or hair rollers, ranging from loose waves to tight ringlets. The word can refer to a single curl, the overall curly look of someone's hair, or the technique of curling. Used both as a plain noun and as a する-verb (カールする 'to curl'), and is also frequently combined with アイロン (curling iron) and similar terms.
I had my hair curled.
I curl my eyelashes with a curler.
On humid days, the curls I worked on come out right away.
To attend the wedding, I had the ends of my hair curled into big waves at the salon.

Borrowed from English 'curl'. In Japanese the word is mainly used in beauty and hairstyling contexts. It can stand on its own as a noun or take する to act as a verb (カールする 'to curl'); the causative form カールさせる is also extremely common, since you 'cause the hair to curl' rather than acting on the hair directly.

Usage

Common hairstyling expressions

  • カールかかる (intransitive): for hair to take a curl
  • カールかける (transitive): to curl (hair)
  • カールとれる: for the curl to come out / not hold
  • カール(): to bring out a curl (to style hair into waves)

Beyond hair, the same word is used for the curl of eyelashes (まつ()カール), and metaphorically for any curled or wavy shape. It is also a common Japanese snack brand name (カール, made by Meiji), though that is a proper noun.

Common collocations

Similar words

  • ウェーブ: wave — refers to looser, longer waves rather than tight curls; commonly used together with カール to describe varying degrees of waviness.
  • パーマ: perm, permanent — a chemical treatment that gives long-lasting curls or waves. パーマかける ('to get a perm') overlaps with カールかける but emphasizes that the result is long-lasting.
  • ()(がみ): curled hair, rolled hair — a Japanese term for the overall curled hairstyle.
  • ストレート: straight — the opposite hairstyle category.
  • (ちぢ)(): kinky/frizzy hair — refers specifically to naturally curly or kinky hair, often in a less flattering way than カール.

Cultural note

In Japan, where the majority of people have naturally straight hair, deliberately styled curls are seen as a stylish, feminine choice rather than something to manage or 'tame'. As a result, カールアイロン (curling irons) and treatments to add curl are mainstream beauty items, and bridal hairstyling almost always involves elaborate カール work.