予熱
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 予熱する | 予熱しない |
| Present polite | 予熱します | 予熱しません |
| Past | 予熱した | 予熱しなかった |
| Past polite | 予熱しました | 予熱しませんでした |
| て form | 予熱して | 予熱しなくて |
| ている present | 予熱している | 予熱していない |
| ている polite | 予熱しています | 予熱していません |
| ている past | 予熱していた | 予熱していなかった |
| ている past polite | 予熱していました | 予熱していませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 予熱すれば | 予熱しなければ |
| Conditional たら | 予熱したら | 予熱しなかったら |
| Volitional | 予熱しよう | — |
| Volitional polite | 予熱しましょう | — |
| Potential | 予熱できる | 予熱できない |
| Passive | 予熱される | 予熱されない |
| Causative | 予熱させる | 予熱させない |
| Imperative | 予熱しろ | 予熱するな |
Composed of 予 ('in advance, beforehand') + 熱 ('heat'). Literally 'heating in advance'. The 予 prefix is highly productive: 予習 ('preparatory study'), 予約 ('reservation'), 予防 ('prevention'), 予告 ('advance notice').
USAGE:
予熱 is used most often about ovens in cooking and baking. Recipes routinely begin with the instruction:
- オーブンを 180度に予熱しておく ('preheat the oven to 180°C in advance')
The word is also used about warming up engines (especially diesel engines and old cars) and about machinery that needs to reach an operating temperature before it can function properly.
IMPORTANT — ホモフォン:
The homophone 余熱 (residual heat) is the *opposite* concept: it refers to the heat that remains after the heat source has been turned off — for example, the residual heat of a frying pan or oven that can finish cooking food. Be careful to distinguish:
- 予熱: preheating, advance heating
- 余熱: residual heat, leftover heat
GRAMMAR:
Used as a plain noun and as a する-verb. In its verbal form 予熱する the object can be the device being preheated (オーブンを予熱する) or omitted when context is clear. The form 予熱しておく ('preheat in advance, leave preheated') is the most natural in recipes.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- オーブンを予熱する: to preheat the oven
- 予熱しておく: to preheat in advance
- 予熱が完了する: for preheating to be complete
- 予熱中: while preheating
- 予熱時間: preheating time
- 予熱機能: preheating function (on an oven or device)
- エンジンの予熱: warming up the engine
- 200 度に予熱する: to preheat to 200°C
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 余熱: residual heat — homophone with the *opposite* meaning. Used about cooking food in residual heat after the oven is turned off (余熱で火を通す).
- 温める: to warm up — the everyday spoken verb; broader and applies to anything that gets warmed.
- 加熱: heating, application of heat — the general scientific/technical word.
- ウォームアップ: warm-up — used about exercise and engines; less specific than 予熱.
- 暖機: warm-up of an engine — a more technical motoring term, particularly common with the verb 暖機運転.
DOMAIN NOTE:
In Japanese cookbooks and cooking shows, 予熱 instructions are essentially universal. Many home oven models (especially 電子オーブンレンジ combo units) include a dedicated 予熱 button that beeps when the chosen temperature is reached.