(ほういがく)

ほういがく
noun
forensic medicine; legal medicine
1. forensic medicine; legal medicine
The branch of medicine that applies medical knowledge to legal questions, most commonly by examining deceased bodies to determine cause and time of death in criminal investigations. In Japan, 法医学(ほういがく) is taught in medical schools and practiced by specialists at universities and police-affiliated institutes.
法医学(ほういがく)(まな)ぶ。
To study forensic medicine.
(かれ)大学(だいがく)法医学(ほういがく)教授(きょうじゅ)をしている。
He is a professor of forensic medicine at a university.
法医学(ほういがく)鑑定(かんてい)結果(けっか)事件(じけん)(かぎ)(にぎ)っていた。
The results of the forensic examination held the key to the case.
日本(にほん)法医学(ほういがく)(しゃ)慢性的(まんせいてき)人手(ひとで)不足(ぶそく)(なや)まされている。
Forensic medical experts in Japan are plagued by a chronic shortage of personnel.

Formed from (ほう) (law) + 医学(いがく) (medicine). Refers specifically to the application of medical science to legal and criminal investigations.

USAGE:

  • Mainly academic and professional — appears in university curricula, police/court documents, and news reports on criminal cases.
  • Frequently features in Japanese mystery novels and crime dramas, where a 法医学(ほういがく)(しゃ) or 法医(ほうい) performs autopsies and helps solve cases.
  • In Japan, criminal autopsies may be performed as 司法(しほう)解剖(かいぼう) (judicial autopsy) or 行政(ぎょうせい)解剖(かいぼう) (administrative autopsy), both within the scope of 法医学(ほういがく).

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 法医学(ほういがく)教室(きょうしつ): forensic medicine department (at a university)
  • 法医学(ほういがく)(しゃ): forensic medical expert
  • 法医学(ほういがく)鑑定(かんてい): forensic medical examination
  • 法医学(ほういがく)(てき)証拠(しょうこ): forensic medical evidence
  • 法医学(ほういがく)専門家(せんもんか): specialist in forensic medicine

RELATED TERMS:

  • 解剖(かいぼう): autopsy, dissection — a common procedure within forensic medicine
  • 司法(しほう)解剖(かいぼう): judicial autopsy — court-ordered autopsy in a criminal investigation
  • 監察(かんさつ)(): medical examiner — physician who investigates suspicious deaths
  • 鑑識(かんしき): forensic investigation — police work including fingerprinting and evidence analysis
  • 犯罪(はんざい)科学(かがく): forensic science / criminal science — broader scientific support for criminal investigations