暴発
ぼうはつ
noun
accidental discharge (of a firearm); sudden outburst; unplanned eruption
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 暴発する | 暴発しない |
| Present polite | 暴発します | 暴発しません |
| Past | 暴発した | 暴発しなかった |
| Past polite | 暴発しました | 暴発しませんでした |
| て form | 暴発して | 暴発しなくて |
| ている present | 暴発している | 暴発していない |
| ている polite | 暴発しています | 暴発していません |
| ている past | 暴発していた | 暴発していなかった |
| ている past polite | 暴発していました | 暴発していませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 暴発すれば | 暴発しなければ |
| Conditional たら | 暴発したら | 暴発しなかったら |
| Volitional | 暴発しよう | — |
| Volitional polite | 暴発しましょう | — |
| Potential | 暴発できる | 暴発できない |
| Passive | 暴発される | 暴発されない |
| Causative | 暴発させる | 暴発させない |
| Imperative | 暴発しろ | 暴発するな |
1.
accidental discharge of a firearm — a gun going off unintentionally
The most specific use: a gun firing without the shooter intending it. Typical in news reports about mishandled firearms, training accidents, or hunting incidents.
銃が暴発した。
The gun went off accidentally.
訓練中に拳銃が暴発し、兵士が負傷した。
A handgun discharged accidentally during training, and a soldier was injured.
暴発事故を防ぐため、安全装置を確認すること。
To prevent accidental-discharge incidents, be sure to check the safety mechanism.
2.
a sudden and unplanned outburst; an unprovoked eruption of tension, emotion, or conflict
An extended use for any eruption that breaks out unexpectedly — pent-up anger, a wave of protests, or a conflict that flares up without formal declaration. The nuance is of something latent suddenly breaking out of control.
怒りが暴発した。
His anger suddenly erupted.
不満が暴発して、各地で抗議デモが起きた。
Discontent boiled over, and protests broke out in various places.
長年抑えられてきた感情が、ついに暴発してしまった。
Feelings that had been suppressed for years finally erupted.
Composed of 暴 ("violent, unruly") + 発 ("firing, eruption"). The core sense is a firearm going off by accident, but the word extends metaphorically to any sudden, unplanned outburst.
TRANSITIVITY:
- As a suru-verb, 暴発する is intransitive: the gun, the feeling, or the conflict is the subject that "goes off" on its own — there is no external agent doing it.
USAGE:
- Sense 1 is literal and is the dominant usage in news and legal contexts.
- Sense 2 appears in writing about politics, international affairs, or emotions, often with nouns like 感情, 怒り, 不満, or 紛争.
- Often contrasted with 発砲 (intentional firing): 発砲 is deliberate, 暴発 is accidental.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 銃が暴発する: a gun goes off accidentally
- 暴発事故: an accidental-discharge incident
- 感情が暴発する: emotions suddenly erupt
- 不満が暴発する: pent-up discontent boils over
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 発砲: firing (a gun) — deliberate, not accidental.
- 爆発: explosion — destruction by detonation; also used metaphorically for sudden outbursts (especially of anger).
- 噴出: eruption, spouting out — used for liquids/gases, or metaphorically for complaints flooding out at once.
- 誤射: mistaken shot — shooting the wrong target, a related but distinct error.