(かんがく)

かんがく
noun
Chinese classics; Sinology; Chinese studies
1. Chinese classics; Sinology; study of Chinese classical texts
The academic study of classical Chinese literature, philosophy, and history, particularly as practiced in pre-modern Japan. In the Edo period, 漢学(かんがく) was one of the main branches of scholarship alongside 国学(こくがく) (native Japanese studies) and 蘭学(らんがく) (Dutch/Western studies).
江戸(えど)時代(じだい)には漢学(かんがく)武士(ぶし)教養(きょうよう)とされた。
In the Edo period, Chinese classical studies were considered part of a samurai's education.
漢学(かんがく)素養(そよう)がある(ひと)漢詩(かんし)()()ける。
People with a grounding in Chinese classics can read and interpret Chinese poetry.
明治(めいじ)になって西洋(せいよう)学問(がくもん)(ひろ)まると、漢学(かんがく)次第(しだい)にその地位(ちい)(うしな)っていった。
As Western learning spread in the Meiji era, Chinese classical studies gradually lost their status.

Compound of (かん) ('China; Chinese; Han') and (がく) ('study; learning'). Refers primarily to the Japanese tradition of studying Chinese classical texts — Confucian writings, Chinese poetry, and historical works — which was central to intellectual life from the Nara period through the Meiji era.

USAGE:

  • In historical contexts, refers to the Edo-period scholarly tradition alongside 国学(こくがく) and 蘭学(らんがく)
  • In modern usage, may refer more broadly to Chinese studies or Sinology in academic settings
  • The scholar who practices 漢学(かんがく) is called a 漢学者(かんがくしゃ)

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 漢学(かんがく)素養(そよう): grounding in Chinese classics
  • 漢学(かんがく)(まな)ぶ: to study Chinese classics
  • 漢学者(かんがくしゃ): scholar of Chinese classics; Sinologist
  • 漢学(かんがく)(じゅく): academy for Chinese classical studies

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • 国学(こくがく): Japanese classical studies — the study of ancient Japanese texts, literature, and Shinto, developed in contrast to Chinese learning
  • 蘭学(らんがく): Dutch studies; Western learning — the study of Western science and medicine through Dutch sources in the Edo period
  • 中国学(ちゅうごくがく): Chinese studies — the modern academic discipline studying China more broadly, including modern history and society