電 荷(でんか)

でんか

noun

electric charge

formalwrittenscience

1. electric charge; electrical charge

A fundamental property of matter that causes it to experience electromagnetic force. Comes in positive and negative forms, with interactions between charges producing electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic radiation.

電子(でんし)は負(ふ)の電荷(でんか)を持(も)つ。

Electrons carry a negative charge.

同(おな)じ電荷(でんか)どうしは反発(はんぱつ)する。

Like charges repel each other.

静電気(せいでんき)は物体(ぶったい)の表面(ひょうめん)に電荷(でんか)がたまることで発生(はっせい)する。

Static electricity occurs when electric charge accumulates on the surface of an object.

Compound of 電(でん) ('electricity') and 荷(か) ('load; cargo; charge'). The fundamental physics term for the quantity of electricity carried by a particle or body. Encountered in high school physics education and technical contexts.

Usage

A core concept in physics: 正(せい)の電荷(でんか) ('positive charge') and 負(ふ)の電荷(でんか) ('negative charge').
The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (クーロン).
Also used in chemistry when discussing ions: an ion is an atom that has gained or lost 電荷(でんか).

Common collocations

正(せい)の電荷(でんか): positive charge
負(ふ)の電荷(でんか): negative charge
電荷(でんか)を帯(お)びる: to carry a charge; to become charged
電荷(でんか)の保存(ほぞん): conservation of charge

Similar words

電流(でんりゅう): electric current — the flow of electric charge through a conductor
電圧(でんあつ): voltage — the difference in electric potential that drives current
静電気(せいでんき): static electricity — stationary electric charge on a surface
帯電(たいでん): electrification; becoming charged — the process of acquiring an electric charge

Related Words

Compare: 電流(でんりゅう) (electric current)

Compare: 電圧(でんあつ) (voltage)

Compare: 静電気(せいでんき) (static electricity)

Compare: 帯電(たいでん) (electrification)

general

Added 2026.4.19 0:28 · Revised 2026.9.2 13:02

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