丸腰(まるごし)

まるごし
noun, no-adjective
unarmed; without weapons; defenseless
1. unarmed; without weapons
Originally, a samurai without a sword at the waist. Now used literally for being without weapons or figuratively for being unprepared or defenseless.
丸腰(まるごし)で戦(たたか)う。
To fight unarmed.
犯人(はんにん)は丸腰(まるごし)だった。
The suspect was unarmed.
He stood up to an armed opponent while unarmed.
2. unprepared; defenseless; empty-handed
Figuratively, going into a situation without the tools, knowledge, or preparation needed. Entering a confrontation or negotiation at a disadvantage.
I went to the meeting unprepared, without any materials.
交渉(こうしょう)の場(ば)に丸腰(まるごし)で行(い)くわけにはいかない。
I can't go to the negotiation table empty-handed.
丸腰(まるごし)で面接(めんせつ)に臨(のぞ)んだが、意外(いがい)と上手(うま)くいった。
I went into the interview unprepared, but it went surprisingly well.

From 丸(まる) (bare/completely) + 腰(こし) (waist/hip). In the samurai era, swords were worn at the waist, so 丸腰(まるごし) meant a bare waist — no sword. Used as a no-adjective modifier (丸腰(まるごし)の).

Common collocations

Similar words

  • 素手(すで): bare-handed — emphasizes using only one's hands, without tools or weapons
  • 無防備(むぼうび): defenseless; unguarded — emphasizes vulnerability and lack of defense
  • 手ぶら: empty-handed — refers to not carrying anything; often used casually for visiting without gifts