論ずる
ろんずる
verb (ichidan)
to discuss; to argue; to debate (formal)
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 論じる | 論じない |
| Present polite | 論じます | 論じません |
| Past | 論じた | 論じなかった |
| Past polite | 論じました | 論じませんでした |
| て form | 論じて | 論じなくて |
| ている present | 論じている | 論じていない |
| ている polite | 論じています | 論じていません |
| ている past | 論じていた | 論じていなかった |
| ている past polite | 論じていました | 論じていませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 論じれば | 論じなければ |
| Conditional たら | 論じたら | 論じなかったら |
| Volitional | 論じよう | — |
| Volitional polite | 論じましょう | — |
| Potential | 論じられる | 論じられない |
| Passive | 論じられる | 論じられない |
| Causative | 論じさせる | 論じさせない |
| Imperative | 論じろ | 論じるな |
1.
to discuss; to argue; to debate
To take up a topic and present reasoning, opinions, or analysis about it. The formal, classical-flavored variant of 論じる; common in academic and editorial writing.
In this paper I discuss the relationship between the environment and the economy.
Transitivity
Transitive. The topic discussed is marked with を.
Forms
論ずる is a zuru-verb (a classical sub-class of ichidan verbs). The everyday equivalent is 論じる. Both are interchangeable in meaning; 論ずる sounds more formal or literary and appears more in academic prose and titles.
Common collocations
- 問題を論ずる: discuss a problem
- 本質を論ずる: discuss the essence (of something)
- 是非を論ずる: debate the merits and demerits
- 一概に論ぜられない: cannot be argued in a single, sweeping way