肥(こ)やす

こやす
verb (godan)
to enrich (soil); to fatten (livestock); to line one's own pockets
他動詞 transitivenatureaction
See also: 肥(こ)える (intransitive)
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present肥(こ)やす肥(こ)やさない
Present polite肥(こ)やします肥(こ)やしません
Past肥(こ)やした肥(こ)やさなかった
Past polite肥(こ)やしました肥(こ)やしませんでした
て form肥(こ)やして肥(こ)やさなくて
ている present肥(こ)やしている肥(こ)やしていない
ている polite肥(こ)やしています肥(こ)やしていません
ている past肥(こ)やしていた肥(こ)やしていなかった
ている past polite肥(こ)やしていました肥(こ)やしていませんでした
Conditional ば肥(こ)やせば肥(こ)やさなければ
Conditional たら肥(こ)やしたら肥(こ)やさなかったら
Volitional肥(こ)やそう—
Volitional polite肥(こ)やしましょう—
Potential肥(こ)やせる肥(こ)やせない
Passive肥(こ)やされる肥(こ)やされない
Causative肥(こ)やさせる肥(こ)やさせない
Imperative肥(こ)やせ肥(こ)やすな
1. to enrich (soil); to fertilize
To add nutrients to soil so that crops grow well. Used in agricultural contexts.
I enrich the soil with compost.
ミミズが土(つち)を肥(こ)やしてくれる。
Earthworms enrich the soil for us.
Every autumn I mix fallen leaves into the field to enrich the soil.
2. to fatten (livestock); to feed up
To raise the body weight of an animal, especially livestock, by feeding it well.
They fatten the cattle before shipping them.
The farmer fattens up the pigs well before sending them to market.
Fattening livestock well in preparation for winter has been wisdom from ancient times.
3. to line one's pockets; to enrich oneself (figurative)
Used in the idiom 私腹(しふく)を肥(こ)やす to mean enriching oneself unfairly, usually through one's official position.
あの政治家(せいじか)は私腹(しふく)を肥(こ)やしていた。
That politician was lining his own pockets.
I can't forgive the way he used his subordinates to enrich himself.
He was arrested for having lined his own pockets with public funds for many years.

Transitive godan verb (五段(ごだん), す-stem). Causative form of 肥(こ)える (to grow fat; for soil to become rich). The intransitive pair is 肥(こ)える.

Transitivity

Common collocations

  • 土(つち)を肥(こ)やす: to enrich the soil
  • 家畜(かちく)を肥(こ)やす: to fatten livestock
  • 私腹(しふく)を肥(こ)やす: to line one's own pockets (idiom, sense 3)
  • 目(め)を肥(こ)やす: to develop a discerning eye (figurative — gain experience by seeing many examples)

Common expressions

  • 私腹(しふく)を肥(こ)やす: literally "fatten one's private belly" — to abuse a position for personal gain.
  • 目(め)を肥(こ)やす: to refine one's eye through experience.