調(しちごちょう)

しちごちょう
noun
seven-five rhythm; 7-5 syllabic meter
1. seven-five meter; alternating 7- and 5-syllable rhythmic pattern
A traditional Japanese rhythmic pattern alternating phrases of 7 and 5 syllables. Fundamental to waka poetry, enka lyrics, folk songs, and many traditional chants. Feels natural and melodious to Japanese speakers.
和歌(わか)七五調(しちごちょう)のリズムで()まれる。
Waka poetry is composed in a seven-five rhythm.
演歌(えんか)歌詞(かし)には七五調(しちごちょう)のパターンが(おお)使(つか)われる。
The lyrics of enka songs frequently use the seven-five syllabic pattern.
七五調(しちごちょう)のフレーズはリズムがよく、記憶(きおく)(のこ)りやすいため、広告(こうこく)にも使(つか)われる。
Seven-five phrases have a pleasing rhythm and are easy to remember, so they are also used in advertising.

(しち) (seven) + () (five) + 調(ちょう) (rhythm, meter). One of the defining rhythmic structures of Japanese literature and music.

CULTURAL CONTEXT:

Waka poetry (including tanka) follows a 5-7-5-7-7 syllable pattern, while haiku uses 5-7-5. The broader 7-5 unit (七五調(しちごちょう)) is also prominent in:

  • 演歌(えんか) (enka) and folk song lyrics
  • (まつり)()(こえ): festival chants
  • 早口(はやくち)ことば: tongue twisters
  • Traditional advertising slogans

The reverse pattern 五七調(ごしちちょう) (5-7) also exists but is less common in modern contexts.