空しい
むなしい
i-adjective
empty; futile; vain
literarydescriptive
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 空しい | 空しくない |
| Past | 空しかった | 空しくなかった |
| て form | 空しくて | 空しくなくて |
| Adverbial | 空しく | — |
| Conditional ば | 空しければ | 空しくなければ |
| Conditional たら | 空しかったら | 空しくなかったら |
1.
empty; hollow; void
Describing something that lacks substance, meaning, or emotional fulfillment.
2.
futile; vain; pointless
Describing efforts or actions that are meaningless or produce no results.
Forms
- 空しい (dictionary/attributive)
- 空しさ (noun form: emptiness, futility)
- 空しく (adverbial: in vain, emptily)
Kanji variations
Can also be written as 虚しい, though 空しい is more common.
Common expressions
Similar words
- やるせない - forlorn, helpless (more about suppressed emotions)
- 物足りない - unsatisfying, lacking (something is missing)
- 儚い - fleeting, ephemeral
Register
Neutral to literary. Common in both casual and written contexts.
Related Words
Synonym:
やるせない (forlorn, helpless)
Synonym:
切ない (painful, heartrending)
Compare:
物足りない (unsatisfying, lacking)
Compare:
儚い (fleeting, ephemeral)