空(むな)しい

むなしい
i-adjective
empty; futile; vain
literarydescriptive
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present空(むな)しい空(むな)しくない
Past空(むな)しかった空(むな)しくなかった
て form空(むな)しくて空(むな)しくなくて
Adverbial空(むな)しく—
Conditional ば空(むな)しければ空(むな)しくなければ
Conditional たら空(むな)しかったら空(むな)しくなかったら
1. empty; hollow; void
Describing something that lacks substance, meaning, or emotional fulfillment.
Nights spent alone feel empty.
心(こころ)が空(むな)しくなった。
My heart felt hollow.
彼(かれ)がいなくなって、部屋(へや)が空(むな)しく感(かん)じられる。
Since he's gone, the room feels empty.
2. futile; vain; pointless
Describing efforts or actions that are meaningless or produce no results.
努力(どりょく)が報(むく)われず、空(むな)しさを感(かん)じた。
My efforts went unrewarded, and I felt a sense of futility.
No matter what I said, it was futile resistance.
It's pointless to say anything to someone who doesn't keep promises.

Forms

  • 空(むな)しい (dictionary/attributive)
  • 空(むな)しさ (noun form: emptiness, futility)
  • 空(むな)しく (adverbial: in vain, emptily)

Writing

Can also be written as 虚(むな)しい, though 空(むな)しい is more common.

Common expressions

Similar words

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Neutral to literary. Common in both casual and written contexts.