ぼける

ぼける
verb (ichidan)
to become senile
1. to become senile
to become senile; to have one's mental faculties decline with age
祖父(そふ)最近(さいきん)ぼけてきた。
My grandfather has been becoming senile lately.
(とし)をとってもぼけないように(あたま)使(つか)おう。
Let's keep our minds active so we don't become senile even as we age.
ぼけ防止(ぼうし)のために毎日(まいにち)パズルを()いている。
I solve puzzles every day to prevent senility.
2. to be blurred
for an image or photo to be out of focus or blurred
写真(しゃしん)がぼけている。
The photo is blurry.
背景(はいけい)をぼけさせると被写体(ひしゃたい)()()つ。
Blurring the background makes the subject stand out.
ピントがぼけてうまく()れなかった。
The focus was off and I couldn't get a good shot.
3. to play dumb
to play dumb; to feign ignorance; to act confused (often in comedy)
ぼけないでちゃんと(こた)えて。
Don't play dumb, answer properly.
漫才(まんざい)でぼけを担当(たんとう)する。
To play the funny man role in manzai comedy.
ぼけとツッコミの()()いが面白(おもしろ)い。
The back-and-forth between the funny man and straight man is entertaining.

ぼける is an intransitive ichidan verb with distinct meanings related to mental decline, visual blur, and comedic behavior.

TRANSITIVITY: Intransitive (自動詞(じどうし)). The transitive form is ぼかす (to blur, to obscure).

KANJI:

  • Can be written as ()ける or ()ける, but hiragana is most common

SENSE 1 - SENILITY:

  • Describes age-related mental decline
  • ぼけ防止(ぼうし) (senility prevention) is a common phrase

SENSE 2 - PHOTOGRAPHY:

  • Describes out-of-focus images
  • "Bokeh" in photography terminology comes from this word
  • Can be intentional (artistic blur) or unintentional (failed focus)

SENSE 3 - COMEDY:

  • In 漫才(まんざい) (manzai), the ぼけ says absurd things while the ツッコミ reacts
  • Also means to feign ignorance in general conversation

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • ぼけが(すす)む (senility progresses)
  • 写真(しゃしん)がぼける (photo is blurry)
  • ぼけとツッコミ (funny man and straight man)

REGISTER: Neutral. Sense 1 may be considered somewhat direct when referring to actual senility.