(にな)

になう
verb (godan)
to bear, to shoulder, to take on
1. to carry on one's shoulders
To physically carry something on one's shoulders or back. The original, literal meaning.
天秤棒(てんびんぼう)(にな)う。
To carry a shoulder pole.
(おも)荷物(にもつ)両肩(りょうかた)(にな)って山道(やまみち)(のぼ)った。
Shouldering heavy loads, they climbed the mountain path.
(みず)(にな)って(はこ)ぶのは大変(たいへん)仕事(しごと)だった。
Carrying water on one's shoulders was hard work.
2. to bear, to shoulder, to take on (a role or responsibility)
To accept and carry out an important role, responsibility, or duty. The more common figurative usage.
未来(みらい)(にな)若者(わかもの)たち。
Young people who will shoulder the future.
(かれ)はプロジェクトの中心的(ちゅうしんてき)役割(やくわり)(にな)っている。
He bears a central role in the project.
地方(ちほう)医療(いりょう)(にな)医師(いし)()りない。
There are not enough doctors to shoulder regional healthcare.

(にな)う originally meant to carry something on the shoulders, but is now primarily used figuratively for bearing responsibilities, roles, or duties.

TRANSITIVITY:

  • Type: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive)

PATTERN:

  • 〜を(にな)う: to bear ~, to shoulder ~

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 役割(やくわり)(にな)う: to take on a role
  • 未来(みらい)(にな)う: to shoulder the future
  • 責任(せきにん)(にな)う: to bear responsibility
  • 重要(じゅうよう)任務(にんむ)(にな)う: to take on an important mission

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • 背負(せお)う: to carry on one's back; to bear (more personal, emotional weight)
  • ()()ける: to undertake, to take on (more about accepting a task)