追(お)い抜(ぬ)く

おいぬく
verb (godan)
to pass; to overtake; to outstrip
他動詞 transitivemovement
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present追(お)い抜(ぬ)く追(お)い抜(ぬ)かない
Present polite追(お)い抜(ぬ)きます追(お)い抜(ぬ)きません
Past追(お)い抜(ぬ)いた追(お)い抜(ぬ)かなかった
Past polite追(お)い抜(ぬ)きました追(お)い抜(ぬ)きませんでした
て form追(お)い抜(ぬ)いて追(お)い抜(ぬ)かなくて
ている present追(お)い抜(ぬ)いている追(お)い抜(ぬ)いていない
ている polite追(お)い抜(ぬ)いています追(お)い抜(ぬ)いていません
ている past追(お)い抜(ぬ)いていた追(お)い抜(ぬ)いていなかった
ている past polite追(お)い抜(ぬ)いていました追(お)い抜(ぬ)いていませんでした
Conditional ば追(お)い抜(ぬ)けば追(お)い抜(ぬ)かなければ
Conditional たら追(お)い抜(ぬ)いたら追(お)い抜(ぬ)かなかったら
Volitional追(お)い抜(ぬ)こう—
Volitional polite追(お)い抜(ぬ)きましょう—
Potential追(お)い抜(ぬ)ける追(お)い抜(ぬ)けない
Passive追(お)い抜(ぬ)かれる追(お)い抜(ぬ)かれない
Causative追(お)い抜(ぬ)かせる追(お)い抜(ぬ)かせない
Imperative追(お)い抜(ぬ)け追(お)い抜(ぬ)くな
1. to pass; to overtake
To catch up with and move ahead of someone or something that was in front. Used for physical movement like running or driving.
前(まえ)の車(くるま)を追(お)い抜(ぬ)いた。
I passed the car in front.
I overtook three people all at once just before the finish line.
It's dangerous to try to pass on a narrow road.
2. to outstrip; to surpass
To exceed someone in performance, ranking, or achievement. Used figuratively for competition, statistics, or progress.
売上(うりあげ)で先輩(せんぱい)を追(お)い抜(ぬ)いた。
I surpassed my senior colleague in sales.
This country's population will eventually surpass that of its neighbor.
It's not uncommon for latecoming manufacturers to surpass major companies in technical capability.

Godan verb (五段(ごだん)). Transitive — takes を for the person or thing being overtaken.

ASPECT (ている):

  • 追(お)い抜(ぬ)いた (completed the overtaking)
  • 追(お)い抜(ぬ)いている (has overtaken; is in a state of having passed)

Similar words

  • 追(お)い越(こ)す means the same but is slightly more common in everyday speech
  • 追(お)い抜(ぬ)く emphasizes fully passing and leaving behind, while 追(お)い越(こ)す can suggest just moving ahead momentarily

Common collocations