(くろうさま)

ごくろうさま
expression
thank you for your hard work (to a subordinate)
politespokengreeting
1. thank you for your hard work; good job
An expression used to acknowledge someone's effort or labor. Importantly, it is typically used by a superior toward a subordinate or by someone receiving a service. Using it toward a social superior is considered rude.
配達(はいたつ)(ひと)「ご苦労様(くろうさま)(こえ)かけた
I said "thanks for your work" to the delivery person.
The department head said "good work" to the employees who worked overtime.
In the heat, I offered words of appreciation to the construction workers, saying "Thank you for your hard work."

Usage

This expression is used to thank someone for their labor or effort, but it carries a hierarchical nuance. It is appropriate in the following situations:

  • A boss to employees
  • A customer to service workers (delivery, repair, etc.)
  • A host to workers at their house

Watch out

Using ご苦労様(くろうさま) toward a boss or social superior is widely considered rude, as it implies you are looking down on their effort. Use (つか)(さま)です instead when speaking to peers or superiors.

Similar words

Forms

  • 苦労様(くろうさま)です (polite)
  • 苦労様(くろうさま)でした (acknowledging completed work)
  • 苦労(くろう)さん (casual, more familiar)