(つか)(さま)

おつかれさま
expression
good work; thank you for your hard work
informalgreeting
1. good work; thank you for your hard work
An expression used to acknowledge someone's effort, commonly used when parting after work or finishing a task.
今日(きょう)(つか)(さま)でした。
Thank you for your hard work today.
Formal version with でした
(つか)(さま)(さき)(かえ)ります
Good work, I'm heading home first.
「お(つか)(さま)」「お(つか)
"Good work." "You too."
Casual exchange
会議(かいぎ)()わってみんな「お(つか)(さま)でした」()った
After the meeting ended, I said 'good work' to everyone.
I said to the colleague who worked overtime late, 'Good work, that must have been tough.'

(つか)(さま) is one of the most frequently used expressions in Japanese workplace culture.

Forms

  • (つか)(さま)です: polite (colleagues, general)
  • (つか)(さま)でした: past tense (end of work/meeting)
  • (つか): casual (friends, peers)
  • (つか)〜: very casual

Usage

  • As a greeting when meeting colleagues
  • As a farewell after work
  • To acknowledge someone's effort
  • When finishing a project or meeting

Note: Often abbreviated to お(つか) or おつ in casual contexts.