(おそ)

おそい
i-adjective
slow, late
descriptive
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present(おそ)(おそ)くない
Past(おそ)かった(おそ)くなかった
て form(おそ)くて(おそ)くなくて
Adverbial(おそ)
Conditional ば(おそ)ければ(おそ)くなければ
Conditional たら(おそ)かったら(おそ)くなかったら
1. slow
Describing something that moves or progresses at a low speed. The opposite of (はや)い (hayai, fast).
このバス(おそ)です
This bus is slow, isn't it?
(ある)(おそ)です
I walk slowly.
This computer is slow, so I want a new one.
Please speak a little more slowly.
I eat slowly, so I'm always the last one eating.
2. late
Describing something that happens after the expected or scheduled time. Also used for late hours of the day/night.
(おそ)なってすみません
Sorry for being late.
I studied until late at night.
Sorry for the late reply.
Sorry for calling at a late hour.
I'll be home late today.

(おそ)い is an i-adjective with two main meanings: slow (speed) and late (time).

Usage

(おそ)い covers both "slow" (of speed) and "late" (of time), with context disambiguating: 電車(でんしゃ)(おそ)い can mean either "the train is slow" or "the train is late." It modifies a noun directly ((おそ)時間(じかん), "a late hour") and forms the adverb (おそ)く ("slowly; late"), as in (おそ)なる ("to become late").

Forms

  • Negative: (おそ)ない
  • Past: (おそ)かった
  • Adverb: (おそ)く (slowly; late)

Common expressions

  • (おそ)なる: to become late, to be delayed
  • (おそ)くて: at the latest
  • (よる)(おそ)く: late at night
  • (おそ)まで: until late

Similar words

Note: For speed, the opposite is (はや). For time (late/early), the opposite is (はや). Both are read はやい but use different kanji.