です

です
auxiliary
is, am, are (copula)
politegrammatical
1. is, am, are (polite copula)
The polite form of the copula, used to link a subject to a predicate noun or adjective in polite speech.
I am a student.
Today is Sunday.
これは本(ほん)です。
This is a book.

です is the polite copula in Japanese, equivalent to "is/am/are" in English.

Forms

Register

Plain equivalents

Usage

  • Follows nouns: 学生(がくせい)です (I am a student)
  • Follows な-adjectives: 静(しず)かです (It is quiet)
  • Follows い-adjectives directly, as a politeness marker rather than a true copula (the adjective itself is the complete predicate): おいしいです (It is delicious)
  • Never use だ after い-adjectives: おいしいだ is incorrect

Using です marks polite (丁寧(ていねい)) speech. Omitting it (or using だ) signals casual speech. Most learners should default to です until comfortable with register switching.

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