1.
overtime work
Working beyond regular working hours.
残業 means overtime work—working beyond regular hours.
COMPONENTS:
残 (remain) + 業 (work) = remaining work
COMMON EXPRESSIONS:
- 残業する: to work overtime
- 残業代: overtime pay
- 残業時間: overtime hours
- サービス残業: unpaid overtime
RELATED TERMS:
- 過労: overwork
- 過労死: death from overwork
- 定時: regular hours
- 時間外労働: overtime labor (formal)
WORK REFORM:
働き方改革 (work style reform) has been reducing excessive overtime in Japan. Companies now face limits on monthly overtime hours.