する

する
verb (irregular)
to do, to make
1. to do, to perform
The most general verb for doing or performing actions. Often combined with nouns to create compound verbs: 勉強する (to study), 仕事する (to work), 料理する (to cook).
What will you do?
勉強(べんきょう)しています。
I am studying.
仕事(しごと)しなければならない。
I have to work.
I try to exercise every day.
What did you do on the weekend? I did things like shopping and watching a movie.
2. to make, to render
Used with adjective stems or nouns to mean 'make something (into)' or 'render something.' きれいにする (to make clean), 静かにする (to make quiet/be quiet).
Be quiet.
I'll clean the room.
Will you have coffee? Or tea?
〜にする = decide on
I want to make my hair shorter, but I'm worried if it will suit me.
3. to wear, to put on (accessories)
Used for accessories like ties, watches, necklaces. ネクタイをする (to wear a tie).
I wear a tie.
時計(とけい)していますか。
Are you wearing a watch?
Please wear a mask.
She always wears nice earrings.
4. to cost, to be priced at
Used to state prices. この本は千円する (This book costs 1000 yen).
これいくらする?
How much is this?
This book costs 1000 yen.
It looks expensive, but how much is it?
このバッグ三万円(さんまんえん)した。
This bag cost as much as 30,000 yen.
This car costs over 3 million yen new, but you can buy it used for about half that.

TRANSITIVITY: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive). No pair verb. Pattern: Xをする (do X).

ASPECT: ている indicates ongoing action. している = 'is doing' (progressive). However, for accessories: ネクタイをしている = 'is wearing a tie' (state).

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 勉強(べんきょう)をする (to study)
  • 仕事(しごと)をする (to work)
  • 料理(りょうり)をする (to cook)
  • Xにする (to decide on X)
  • Xをどうする (what to do with X)

IRREGULAR VERB: One of only two irregular verbs (with ()る). Conjugations: しない (negative), します (polite), して (te-form), した (past). Many Sino-Japanese nouns become verbs by adding する: 電話(でんわ)する, 結婚(けっこん)する, 運動(うんどう)する.

Related Words

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