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くる
verb (irregular)
to come
1. to come, to arrive
Expresses movement toward the speaker's current location or reference point. The opposite of ()く (to go). Used when the speaker is at or identifies with the destination.
こっち()て!
Come here!
バス()た!
The bus is here!
My friend came to my house.
Every Sunday my friend comes over to hang out.
The bus wasn't coming, so I waited for thirty minutes.
2. to come about, to occur
When attached to the te-form of another verb (〜てくる), indicates an action that has been continuing up to the present, or movement toward the speaker.
It's gotten cold.
〜てくる expressing gradual change
It started raining.
〜てくる expressing beginning of an action
I've come to understand Japanese.
While I was running, I started to get hot.
Because I've been practicing all along, I can now speak well.
〜てくる expressing action continuing up to the present

TRANSITIVITY: 自動詞(じどうし) (intransitive). Counterpart: ()く (to go). Pattern: Xに/へ()る (come to X).

ASPECT: ている indicates resulting state or habitual. ()ている = 'has come (and is here)' or 'comes regularly.'

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • (いえ)()る (come to the house)
  • (あそ)びに()る (come to hang out)
  • 〜て()る (come after doing ~, or change up to now)
  • ()るようになる (come to do something regularly)

IRREGULAR VERB: One of only two irregular verbs (with する). Reading changes: く→こ (negative), く→き (te-form, past, polite).

Related Words

See also: ()