(ぎせいご)

ぎせいご
noun
onomatopoeia (words imitating sounds)
formallanguage
1. onomatopoeia; a word that imitates a sound made by a person, animal, or object
A linguistic term for words that mimic actual sounds, such as animal cries, natural noises, or human voices. 擬声語(ぎせいご) covers sound-imitating vocabulary in particular; related terms include 擬音語(ぎおんご) (for non-living sound effects) and 擬態語(ぎたいご) (for words describing states or manners rather than sounds).
Japanese has many onomatopoeic words.
「ワンワン」(いぬ)()(ごえ)(あらわ)擬声語(ぎせいご)だ。
'Wan-wan' is an onomatopoeia representing a dog's bark.
マンガ擬声語(ぎせいご)たくさん使(つか)われている
Manga makes heavy use of onomatopoeia.
Explaining the difference between sound-imitating words and state-describing words is difficult.

A linguistic term for words that imitate sounds — animal cries, human voices, or environmental noises. Typically written in katakana when the sound itself is quoted.

Usage

  • Used in language education, linguistics, and discussions about Japanese expressiveness.
  • In general speech, people often just call such words オノマトペ, a loanword from French.

Common collocations

Similar words

  • 擬音語(ぎおんご): sound-effect words — imitates non-living sounds such as rain, doors, or machines.
  • 擬態語(ぎたいご): mimetic words — describes appearances, feelings, or manners that do not actually make sound (e.g., キラキラ for sparkling).
  • オノマトペ: the general everyday term for all these categories combined, borrowed from French.

Register

Somewhat technical. In casual contexts, speakers use オノマトペ or simply describe the sound directly.