1.
handmade, hand-kneaded
Made by hand rather than by machine, especially noodles (soba, udon) that are kneaded and cut by hand. A mark of quality and craftsmanship in Japanese food culture.
2.
settlement, reconciliation, deal
A private settlement or agreement to end a dispute, often reached without going through formal legal channels. Can imply a behind-the-scenes deal or compromise.
Usage
Sense 1 (handmade) is extremely common in food contexts. 手打ちそば and 手打ちうどん are widely seen on restaurant signs and menus as a selling point indicating artisanal quality.
Sense 2 (settlement) carries a slightly informal or backroom nuance, suggesting a deal struck between parties without formal proceedings. In yakuza or historical contexts, 手打ち式 refers to a formal reconciliation ceremony.