1.
breaking off an engagement, deal, or negotiation; falling through
The collapse or cancellation of an agreed-upon arrangement, especially a marriage engagement or business deal. Composed of 破 (break) + 談 (talk/discussion). Implies that something that was being discussed or agreed upon has been called off.
Usage
Almost always appears in the pattern 破談になる (to fall through, to be called off). Most commonly associated with marriage arrangements (縁談, 婚約) but also used for business deals (商談).
Common patterns
Similar words
破局 (breakup) refers to a romantic relationship ending, while 破談 specifically refers to a formal arrangement or negotiation collapsing before completion. 決裂 (rupture/breakdown) is used for negotiations breaking down acrimoniously.