し
し
particle
and (listing reasons/qualities)
1.
and, moreover (listing reasons or qualities)
Connects clauses to list multiple reasons, qualities, or facts. Often used when giving more than one reason for a conclusion. Attaches to the plain form of verbs, adjectives, and the copula だ.
安いし、おいしい。
It's cheap, and it's tasty.
雨も降っているし、風も強い。
It's raining, and the wind is strong too.
この店は近いし、値段も安いから、よく行く。
This store is close by and the prices are cheap, so I go there often.
し is a conjunctive particle used to list multiple reasons, facts, or qualities. It implies that the listed items together support a conclusion, though the conclusion is sometimes left unstated.
FORM:
- i-adjective: 高いし (it's expensive, and...)
- na-adjective: 静かだし (it's quiet, and...)
- verb (plain): 行くし (one goes, and...)
- noun + だ: 学生だし (one is a student, and...)
CONTRAST WITH OTHER LISTING FORMS:
- し lists reasons or supporting points, often implying a conclusion
- て-form simply sequences actions without implying reasons
- ～たり...～たり lists representative actions from a set
NOTE: The final し in a list can be followed by a conclusion, or the sentence can end with し to leave the implication unstated.