込(こ)む

こむ
verb (godan)
to be crowded
1. to be crowded, to be packed
Describes a place that is full of people. The opposite of すく (to become empty). Often used for trains, stores, and roads.
電車(でんしゃ)が込(こ)んでいます。
The train is crowded.
道(みち)が込(こ)んでいて遅(おく)れました。
The road was crowded so I was late.
この店(みせ)はいつも込(こ)んでいます。
This store is always crowded.

TRANSITIVITY: 自動詞(じどうし) (intransitive). Pair: すく (to become empty). Pattern: Xが込(こ)む.

ASPECT: ている indicates resulting state. 込(こ)んでいる = 'is crowded' (current state).

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 電車(でんしゃ)が込(こ)んでいる (train is crowded)
  • 道(みち)が込(こ)む (road gets congested)
  • 込(こ)んでいて〜 (because it's crowded~)
  • 〜込(こ)む (compound suffix: into)

Opposite: すいている (is empty/not crowded). Also written as 混(こ)む.

Related Words

See also: すく
Antonym: 空(す)いている (is empty/not crowded)
general
Added 2026.1.7 21:07 · Revised 2026.2.16 9:05
00500/00719_komu