1.
complicated, cumbersome, complex
Describes procedures, processes, or systems that are troublesome because they involve many tedious or intricate steps. Often used for bureaucratic or administrative matters.
手続きが煩雑だ。
The procedures are complicated.
煩雑な書類作業に時間がかかる。
The tedious paperwork takes time.
このシステムは煩雑で、改善の余地がある。
This system is cumbersome and has room for improvement.
煩雑 describes things that are annoyingly complicated or involve many tedious steps.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 煩雑な手続き (complicated procedures)
- 煩雑な作業 (tedious work)
- 煩雑さを避ける (avoid complexity)
CONJUGATION:
- 煩雑な + noun (attributive)
- 煩雑だ (predicative)
- 煩雑に (adverbial)
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 複雑 - complex (neutral; can be positive)
- 煩雑 - complicated (negative; implies annoyance)