かるた

かるた
noun
karuta; Japanese card game
1. karuta; Japanese card game; playing cards (traditional)
A traditional Japanese card game in which players compete to quickly grab cards that match a clue read aloud. Also refers to the cards themselves.
正月(しょうがつ)にかるたをする。
To play karuta at New Year's.
()どもたちがかるた()りを(たの)しんでいる。
The children are enjoying a game of karuta.
百人一首(ひゃくにんいっしゅ)のかるたは競技(きょうぎ)としても人気(にんき)があり、全国大会(ぜんこくたいかい)(ひら)かれている。
Hyakunin Isshu karuta is popular as a competitive sport, and national tournaments are held.

From Portuguese 'carta' (card). A traditional Japanese card game with several varieties.

TYPES OF KARUTA:

  • いろはかるた: proverb-based karuta for children
  • 百人一首(ひゃくにんいっしゅ): classical poetry karuta (100 famous poems)
  • 競技(きょうぎ)かるた: competitive karuta — a serious sport with ranked players

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • かるたをする: to play karuta
  • かるた()り: playing karuta (the act of grabbing cards)
  • かるた大会(たいかい): karuta tournament
  • かるた(あそ)び: karuta as a game/pastime

CULTURAL NOTE:
Karuta is traditionally played during New Year's celebrations. In the game, one person reads a clue (the ()(ふだ) 'reading card') and players compete to be the first to grab the matching ()(ふだ) ('grabbing card'). Competitive karuta based on 百人一首(ひゃくにんいっしゅ) is recognized as a sport, with top players memorizing all 100 poems and their positions on the playing field.

ETYMOLOGY:
Borrowed from Portuguese 'carta' during the 16th century, when Portuguese missionaries and traders introduced playing cards to Japan.