ひるむ

ひるむ
verb (godan, intransitive)
to cower; to flinch; to be daunted
1. to cower; to flinch; to be daunted
To draw back or hesitate due to fear, intimidation, or lack of courage. Stronger than mere hesitation.
相手(あいて)威圧感(いあつかん)にひるんだ。
I was daunted by my opponent's intimidating presence.
困難(こんなん)にひるむことなく挑戦(ちょうせん)(つづ)けた。
I kept challenging myself without being daunted by difficulties.
失敗(しっぱい)(おそ)れてひるんでいてはいけない。
You shouldn't cower out of fear of failure.

TRANSITIVITY:
Intransitive verb (自動詞(じどうし)). No pair verb.

KANJI:
Sometimes written as (ひる)む, though hiragana is more common.

USAGE:
ひるむ implies backing down or losing courage in the face of something intimidating. It suggests a stronger reaction than たじろぐ.

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 〜にひるむ (to be daunted by ~)
  • ひるむことなく (without flinching)
  • ひるまない (doesn't cower - shows determination)

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • たじろぐ - to flinch/falter (momentary wavering, less about fear)
  • おじける - to be scared/chicken out (more cowardly)
  • びびる - to be scared/intimidated (casual/colloquial)