1.
given name; first name
A person's given name (as opposed to their family name). Called 'the name below' because in Japanese vertical writing, the given name appears below the family name.
Etymology
In traditional Japanese vertical writing, names are written with the family name on top and the given name below, hence 下の名前 (the name below).
Similar words
- 名前 can mean "given name" in context (as well as "name" in general)
- ファーストネーム (first name — used in international contexts)
Cultural note
Using someone's given name in Japan implies closeness. In most social and professional settings, people use family names with titles like さん. Being invited to use someone's 下の名前 signals a shift to a more personal relationship.