1.
to become muddy, to become cloudy
For liquid to become unclear.
川の水が濁っている。
The river water is muddy.
雨で水が濁った。
The water became muddy from the rain.
池の水が濁っている。
The pond water is cloudy.
空気が濁っている。
The air is murky.
工場からの排水で川の水がひどく濁っている。
The river water is badly muddied by wastewater from the factory.
声が濁っている。
The voice is muddy.
2.
to be voiced (consonant)
For a consonant to become voiced (linguistics).
「か」が濁ると「が」になる。
When 'ka' is voiced, it becomes 'ga'.
「さ」が濁ると「ざ」になる。
When 'sa' is voiced, it becomes 'za'.
「た」が濁ると「だ」になる。
When 'ta' is voiced, it becomes 'da'.
「は」が濁ると「ば」になる。
When 'ha' is voiced, it becomes 'ba'.
日本語では「清音」が濁ると「濁音」になる。
In Japanese, when an unvoiced consonant becomes voiced, it's called a 'dakuon'.
濁る has two distinct meanings: liquid becoming cloudy, and consonants becoming voiced.
TRANSITIVITY:
- Type: 自動詞 (intransitive)
- Pair: 濁す (transitive - to make muddy; to mumble)
SENSE 1 - CLOUDY/MUDDY:
Describes liquid losing clarity.
- 水が濁る: water becomes cloudy
- 目が濁る: eyes become clouded
- 声が濁る: voice becomes muddy/unclear
SENSE 2 - VOICED (LINGUISTICS):
Describes consonant voicing (adding 濁点):
- か→が, さ→ざ, た→だ, は→ば
RELATED TERMS:
- 濁点: voicing mark (゛)
- 濁音: voiced sound
- 清音: unvoiced sound
- 濁り: muddiness, cloudiness