1.
fierce; severe; intense; harsh; relentless
Extremely intense or severe, suggesting something that is merciless and unsparing. Used for competition, criticism, conditions, or struggles that are exceptionally tough.
苛烈な競争が続く。
Fierce competition continues.
苛烈を極める戦いだった。
It was an extremely fierce battle.
彼女は苛烈な批判にさらされながらも、自分の信念を貫いた。
Despite being subjected to harsh criticism, she held fast to her convictions.
A な-adjective composed of 苛 (harsh, severe) + 烈 (intense, fierce). A literary, somewhat formal word that conveys extreme intensity or harshness. Often appears in written language, news, and historical descriptions.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 苛烈な競争: fierce competition
- 苛烈な批判: harsh criticism
- 苛烈な戦い: fierce battle
- 苛烈を極める: to be extremely fierce/intense
- 苛烈な環境: harsh environment
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 激烈: violent, fierce — similar intensity, more commonly used
- 過酷: harsh, severe — often for conditions or treatment
- 熾烈: fierce, intense — very close synonym, especially for competition
- 厳しい: strict, severe — more everyday and versatile