厳(きび)しい

きびしい
i-adjective
strict, severe
descriptive
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present厳(きび)しい厳(きび)しくない
Past厳(きび)しかった厳(きび)しくなかった
て form厳(きび)しくて厳(きび)しくなくて
Adverbial厳(きび)しく—
Conditional ば厳(きび)しければ厳(きび)しくなければ
Conditional たら厳(きび)しかったら厳(きび)しくなかったら
1. strict, severe, harsh
Describing someone who enforces rules strictly or something that is demanding and difficult.
うちの父(ちち)は厳(きび)しい人(ひと)です。
My father is a strict person.
The teacher is strict about grades.
に marks what they are strict about
The company rules are strict—if you're late, you have to pay a fine.
The grading on exams is strict.
自分(じぶん)に厳(きび)しくしている。
I'm being strict with myself.
2. hard, difficult (situation)
Describing challenging circumstances or conditions.
This winter is harsh, isn't it?
Describing severe weather
The current economic situation is tough, so we need to economize.
The job market is tough.
It's an industry with fierce competition.
We're in a tight financial situation.

Forms

  • 厳(きび)しく: strictly, severely (厳(きび)しく叱(しか)る: to scold severely)
  • 厳(きび)しさ: strictness, severity (noun)

Common patterns

1. For people: 先生(せんせい)は厳(きび)しい (The teacher is strict)
2. For conditions: 状況(じょうきょう)が厳(きび)しい (The situation is tough)
3. With に: [topic]に厳(きび)しい (strict about ~)

Common collocations

Similar words