甲状腺(こうじょうせん)

こうじょうせん
noun
thyroid gland
1. thyroid gland — the butterfly-shaped endocrine gland at the front of the neck
The endocrine gland located at the front of the neck, below the Adam's apple, which secretes hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and body temperature. Most commonly encountered in medical contexts, especially in the names of disorders such as 甲状腺機能亢進症(こうじょうせんきのうこうしんしょう) ('hyperthyroidism').
甲状腺(こうじょうせん)の検査(けんさ)を受(う)けた。
I had a thyroid examination.
母(はは)は甲状腺(こうじょうせん)の病気(びょうき)で薬(くすり)を飲(の)んでいる。
My mother has a thyroid condition and takes medication for it.
甲状腺(こうじょうせん)ホルモンは新陳代謝(しんちんたいしゃ)や成長(せいちょう)に大(おお)きな役割(やくわり)を果(は)たしている。
Thyroid hormones play a major role in metabolism and growth.

Compound of 甲状(こうじょう) ('shield-shaped') and 腺(せん) ('gland'). The name comes from the shape of the thyroid cartilage (甲状軟骨(こうじょうなんこつ)) that sits in front of it, not the gland itself.

USAGE:

  • A technical medical term, used in clinical, educational, and health-reporting contexts.
  • Frequently appears in compounds naming disorders and treatments; this is the form learners are most likely to encounter.
  • In everyday conversation, people typically mention it only in connection with a diagnosis or check-up.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 甲状腺(こうじょうせん)ホルモン: thyroid hormone
  • 甲状腺(こうじょうせん){がん}: thyroid cancer
  • 甲状腺(こうじょうせん)機能(きのう)低下症(ていかしょう): hypothyroidism
  • 甲状腺(こうじょうせん)機能(きのう)亢進症(こうしんしょう): hyperthyroidism
  • 甲状腺(こうじょうせん)の検査(けんさ): thyroid examination
  • 甲状腺(こうじょうせん)を患(わずら)う: to suffer from a thyroid condition

RELATED TERMS:

  • 腺(せん): gland — the general suffix for glands in the body.
  • {ホルモン}: hormone
  • 内分泌(ないぶんぴつ): endocrine (secretion)
  • 新陳代謝(しんちんたいしゃ): metabolism
  • 副腎(ふくじん): adrenal gland — another endocrine gland.
general
Added 2026.4.15 17:03
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