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のむ
verb (godan)
to drink
1. to drink
The standard verb for drinking liquids. Used for water, tea, coffee, alcohol, and any other beverages. Can also be used for taking medicine ((くすり)()む).
(みず)()む。
I drink water.
コーヒー()みますか。
Would you like coffee?
(さけ)()んでいる。
I'm drinking alcohol.
Every morning I have coffee before starting work.
When it's hot, you want to drink cold beverages. Water and tea are delicious.
2. to swallow
Used for swallowing pills or capsules. Also used figuratively for accepting something difficult (e.g., 条件(じょうけん)()む - to swallow/accept conditions).
(くすり)()む。
I take medicine.
Please take this medicine.
I take medicine after meals.
I can't accept these conditions.
Figurative: accept/swallow conditions
I caught a cold, so I decided to take medicine and go to bed early.

TRANSITIVITY: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive). No pair verb. Pattern: Xを()む (drink X).

ASPECT: ている indicates ongoing action. ()んでいる = 'is drinking.'

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • (みず)()む (drink water)
  • (くすり)()む (take medicine)
  • (さけ)()む (drink alcohol)
  • ()(もの) (beverage)

Godan verb with irregular te-form: む → んで.

Related: ()べる (to eat).

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