(こむら)

こむら
noun
calf (of the leg)
1. calf; calf muscle (of the leg)
The fleshy back part of the lower leg between the knee and the ankle. Most commonly encountered in the compound こむら返り (leg cramp).
(こむら)がつった。
I got a cramp in my calf.
マラソンの途中(とちゅう)(こむら)(いた)くなった。
My calf started hurting in the middle of the marathon.
(およ)いでいるときに(きゅう)(こむら)(がえ)りが()きて、(あわ)ててプールサイドにつかまった。
I suddenly got a calf cramp while swimming and grabbed onto the pool edge in a panic.

An older anatomical term that survives mainly in the compound (こむら)(がえ)り (calf cramp; charley horse). In modern everyday Japanese, the calf is more commonly called ふくらはぎ. The kanji (こむら) is rarely used; the word is usually written in hiragana.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • (こむら)(がえ)り: calf cramp; charley horse — by far the most common use of this word
  • (こむら)がつる: to get a calf cramp
  • (こむら)筋肉(きんにく): calf muscle

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • ふくらはぎ: calf (of the leg) — the standard modern term, used in everyday conversation
  • 脹脛(ふくらはぎ): calf — kanji spelling of ふくらはぎ, rarely used

NOTE ON USAGE:
Learners are most likely to encounter this word in the expression (こむら)(がえ)り. If you experience a sudden painful cramp in your calf — common during exercise, swimming, or while sleeping — that is (こむら)(がえ)り.