係助詞(かかりじょし)

かかりじょし
noun
binding particle; focus particle
academiclanguage
1. binding particle; focus particle
A grammatical term for particles such as は, も, こそ, and さえ that attach to a word and add focus or emphasis rather than marking a plain grammatical case. In classical Japanese they trigger special sentence-ending inflection (係(かか)り結(むす)び).
「は」や「も」は係助詞(かかりじょし)だ。
"Wa" and "mo" are binding particles.
係助詞(かかりじょし)は文(ぶん)の意味(いみ)に特別(とくべつ)な働(はたら)きを加(くわ)える。
Binding particles add a special nuance to a sentence's meaning.
古文(こぶん)では、係助詞(かかりじょし)「ぞ」や「こそ」が文末(ぶんまつ)の活用(かつよう)を変(か)える。
In classical Japanese, the binding particles "zo" and "koso" change the inflection at the end of the sentence.

A grammar term for particles that add focus or emphasis rather than marking a grammatical case. In classical Japanese, certain ones govern a special ending inflection called 係(かか)り結(むす)び.

Types

  • は: topic marker
  • も: also; even
  • こそ: precisely; emphatically

Related words

Related Words

Related: 格助詞(かくじょし)
Related: 接続(せつぞく)助詞(じょし) (conjunctive particle)
general
Added 2026.7.1 9:20 · Revised 2026.10.5 11:11
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